Brake



Aug- 3, 1933- E. v. TAYLOR 1,921,593

RAKE I' v Original' Filed Oct. 30. 1926 -3 Sheets-Sheet 1 /A'LENTo/eEugerze. Taylor BY A TTORNE Y Aug. 8, 1933. E. v. TAYLOR 1,921,593

BRAKE original Filed opi. so. 1926 s sheets-sheet 2 ill-Q7. Y d

1N VENTO/e Eugenef Taylor h A Troie/VE Y US- 3 1933- E.'v. TAYLoR1,921,593

BRAKE original Filed 061'.. 30 1926' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR W5 Eugenef. Taffy/Z071 ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 8, 1.933

BRAKE Eugene V. Taylor, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Bendix Brake Company,South Bend, Ind., a Corporation of Illinois Original application October30, 1926, Serial No. 145,109. Divided and this application May 7, 1928.Serial No. 275,669

12 Claims. (CL 18S-106) This invention relater in general to brakes Inthe embodiment illustrated in the drawings,

and is illustrated as embodied in a brake mechthe manually operablemeans isindicated by a anism of the hydraulic type. An object of thenovel lever-controlling structure mounted diinvention is to providesimple fluid-power operrectly on a prolongation of the hydraulicpisating means in conjunction with a suitable 'cam t0n connecting rodthe means further comprisor equivalent applying device, the combined inga bracket, attached to the hydraulic cylinmechanism preferably beingadapted to operate der, the bracket having journaled in its end the astandard multiple shoe brake. end of the stub shaft or connecting rodprolon- In automobile practice, thus far it has not gation. -A suitablelever rotatably mounted on been feasible to adopt the common type'ofbrake the shaft functions to actuate the same, by for use in a hydraulicor other fluid-power brake means of collars, one keyed to the shaft andsystem without radical changes in construction. the other fixed to therotatable lever.

Obviously such a brake system would be more Other minor but importantfeatures of my readily adapted to ordinary motor vehicles if inventionrelate to novelly arranged oil ducts the common type of retardingmechanism such functioning to properly lubricate the bearings as themultiple shoe brale could be readily conand a novel guide structurefixed in the cylinlnected tothe system without necessitating any derwall functioning to effect a rotary moveexpensive changes in either thesystem or the ment of the hydraulicT piston. brake. `I'he advantages of"the arrangements set I, therefore, propose to provide a novel uidforth,and various additional features of novoperated device adapted to becoupled to a standelty and desirable details of construction will ardmultiple shoe brake or other wheel-retarding be apparent from thefollowing description of structure such as the cam-operated brake emone`illustrated embodiment shown in the acployed so extensively onautomobiles at the companying drawings, in which:

"45 present time. lBy employing my device, it is Figure 1 is a sectionalview through the hypossible to convert a linear movement created drauliccylinder, manually operated actuating by the fluid system, into a rotarymovement, structure, and flexible coupling, features which for thepurpose of turning the brake cam or constitute the essence of myinvention, together equivalent applying device rendering operable withfragmentary parts of the wheel and brake -the friction means. structure;

An important feature of my invention relates Figure 2 is a section takensubstantially on to a novel attachment for the structure adapted theline 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the directo connect the cam orotherfriction.shoe-opertion of the arrows, the brake shoe structureating means to said fluid-power means, the conbeing shown in elevationand the hydraulic nection being so designed as to permit of coupling bydotted lines;

substantially universal movement at the connec- AFigure 3 is afragmentary end elevation intion thereby enabling the cam structure orits dicating the brake drum closure plate, together equivalent toautomatically balance the force with the coupling and control means;applied to the shoe ends. In one desirable ar- Figure 4 is a sectionalview taken substanrangement this is accomplished by coupling a tially onthe line 4-4 of Figure 1, indicated by hydraulic piston connecting rodto the cam shaft the arrows; by a three-part tongue-and-groovestructure, Figure 5 is a more or less diagrammatic view the arrangementpermitting movement of the of my manually-controlled operatingstructure; cam shaft with respect to the connecting rod Figure 6 is asectional view of the lever strucin both vertical andhorizontal planes'.ture taken on line 6--6 of Figure 5; and 100 Another important featureof the invention Figure 7 is a detail view of the piston or contemplatesthe provision of manually operplunger employed in my novel cylinder,showated means preferably in juxtaposition and in ing the contour of thegroove and its periphery. line with the hydraulic coupling structure,and In the embodiment selected for illustration,

which is adapted to be utilized to operate' my a cylinder 130 isprovided with an annular device in case of emergency or in case thehyflange 131 suitably attached by means of bolts draulic system fails tofunction properly. This 131', or equivalent fastening means, to a platenovel feature of my invention permits of the 132. This plate 132 may beconnected in any brake structure being operated and controlled desirablemanner to the closure or backing plate no 55, entirely independently ofthe hydraulic system. 132 associated with the brake drum. 133. Po-

sitioned within the cylinder bore 134 is a piston 135 having a pluralityof diagonal grooves 136 therein'as clearly indicated in Figure 7. Oneend of the piston 135 is reduced at 137 and may be threaded to receive aringlike clamping member 138. The clamping ring 138 serves to rctain inplace a cupped leather member or packing 139 which engages the innerperiphery of the cylinder 130. A supplemental clamping ring 138 may behoused in a rabbeted portion of the ring 138 to more securely fasten theleather member in place. The same end of the piston 135 may be providedwith an annular pocket y140 which is adapted to aid in the initialmovement of the piston as is obvious from the illustration in Figure 1.

Roller units 141 are arranged to co-operate with the grooves 136. Sincethe units 141 and their associated mountings are identical inconstruction, it is believed a description of one will suffice for all.Each roller 143 may be slightly tapered and may be loosely mounted on ashaft 142 having a head portion 143. The shaft 142 telescopes a sleeve144 and may be suitably connected thereto by means of a pin 145. Sleeve144 extends into an aperture 146 partly defined by the cylinder wall 130and partly defined by a boss 147 integrally or otherwise secured to thecylinder Wall. The sleeve 144 has an enlarged or head portion 148 forpreventing lateral movement of the roller 141 within the cylinder. A cap149 may be threaded onto the boss 147 and srves to completely inclosethe mechanism associated with each roller unit. Obviously by removingthe cap 149, access may be had to the roller mechanism for the purposeof making replacement, that is to say, should the roller, for example,wear out, the same may be replaced by removing the cap 149 and removingthe roller unit from the cylinder.

The plunger or piston 135 may be provided with a polygonal or otherout-of-round shaped opening located axially of the plunger. Extendingthrough this opening, designated by the reference character 151 is acorrespondingly shaped connecting rod 150. One end of the rod maybereduced at 152 to form a shoulder 153 which abuts against a closuremember 154. The closure member 154 is provided with an enlarged portion155 defining a pocket 156 for receiving the reduced end 152 of rod 150.In reality, the portion 156 serves as a bearing for the end of the shaftassociated therewith. The closure member 154 may be suitably secured toa flange 157 formed integral with the cylinder 130 by means of boltsa158or the equiv'- alent thereof. Also the member 154 may be provided withan enlargement 154', said enlargement having formed therein an opening159 communicating with the bore 134 of cylinder 130. This opening 159also communicates, with an opening 160 in which one end of a pipe line55 is threaded or otherwise attached. This pipe line communicates withthe vhydraulic or other fluid-power system (not shown).

an aperture 166formed in a plate 132. Plate 132 may be provided with ahub portion 167 integrally or otherwise secured thereto and concentricwith connecting rod 150. This hub portion 167 encircles part of thesleeve 165. Sleeve may be provided rvrthe piston 135.

with an annular flange 168 which abuts against the inner face of plate132, Furthermore rod 150 may be provided with IanY annular shoulder 169positioned between the flange 168 and the out-of-round shaped portion ofthe shaft. A compression spring 170 encircles the shoulder 169, as wellas the adjacent portion of the shaft. One end of this spring 170preferably abuts against theinner face of the plate 132 and the otherend may extend into an annular pocket 171 abutting against the.associated-portion of This compression spring serves to normallymaintain the piston 135 in the p0- sition shown in Figure 1.

One particularly important feature of my invention relates to the novelflexible coupling means interposed between the hydraulic cylinder andthe friction operatinf structure. In the arrangement illustrated, acuplike housing member 180, clearly indicated in Figures 1 and 4, ispositioned in axial alignment with shaft 150 and is attached by suitablefastenings, such as bolts 179, to the plate 132. has a bore 181 in whichis preferably disposeda three-part coupling member designated generallyby reference character 182. The purpose of this coupling member 182 isto couple the portion 164 of. rod 150 to the shaft 184 which carries thefriction operating means indicated generally by the reference character10 in Figure 1. n

Shaft 184 extends through an aperture 183 in the end of the cup and isnormally positioned in axial alignment with the rod 150. The firstmember of coupling 182 may be fastened to the shaft portion 164 by meansof a pin 186. This part 185 of the coupling abuts against the end of thehub 167 of plate 132. Part 185 mayI be provided with a transverse groove187 adapted to receive tongue 188y formed upon an intermediate couplingpart 190. As indicated in Figures 1 and 4, the tongue 188 is freelymovable in the transverse groove 187. the latter being enlarged toreceive the same. Fastened to the end of the shaft 184 inside of the cup180 is a third coupling part 191 having a tongue 192 indicated in Figure4 and preferably disposed at right angles tothe tongue 188. The tongue192 extends into an enlarged groove 193 formed in the intermediatecoupling part 190.

In general the coupling 182 permits of a substantially universalmovement on the part of the shaft 184 through the intermediary of thetongue-and-groove connections. The loose connection between the tonguesand their respective grooves in the coupling permits of move-'- ment inperpendicular and horizontal planes passing through the connecting rod.This flexible connection enables the cam or other shoe operating meansto automatically center itself with respect to the friction shoe ends.

A compression spring ,195 is positioned with-'J in the cup 180 withoneend abutting against the end of the cup and the other end abuttingagainst'a reduced portion 191 in the third coupling part 191. Thisspring serves at all times to urge the coupling parts into engagement.

According to another important featureof my invention, provision is madefor manually turning the brake operating shaft 'in case of emergency orin case the hydraulic system fails to function properly. In theillustrated embodiment clearly indicated in Figures 1, 5 and 6 the Thiscup 180 portion of the shaft 152 is extended through. an e aperture inthe cap 154 connected to the cylinder 130.

A bracket' 240 is connected tothe cap 154 ywhich cap may, as illustratedconstitute the end plate of the fluid cylinder. A bearing 241 maybeformed in the end of the bracket for receiving the end portion 242 ofstub shaft 152. Rig- .idly connected to the shaft 152 intermediate theprojection 155 and the journal 241 is a collar 243 having a singleclutch member 244 adapted to engage Ia clutch tooth 245 attached to acollar 246 loosely mounted on shaft 152. The collar 246 has connectedthereto a lever arm 247. The arm` 247 andl collar in reality constitutepart of the lever suitably connected to an emergency brake such as thatcommonly employed on an automobile. Suitable oil lubricating ducts 248are provided in the shaft extension to properly lubricate the bearingstructure associated therewith.

Upon theapplication of pressure to the piston within the cylinder 130.shaft 152 will be rotated in the direction shown by the arrow inFigure 1. However, should the hydraulic -system fail and it becomenecessary to operate the brake through vthe emergency means, such as theconventional hand lever, the same may be accomplished by manuallyturning the collar 246 about theI shaft 152 bringing the clutch tooth245 into engagement with the clutch tooth 244, thus causing shaft 152 torotate, moving the piston therewith. Return springs 249 and 250, part ofthe retarding means, and spring 170 acting within the hydraulic cylinderfunction to return the parts of the several operators to their initialor inactive position.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a compact brake-operatingstructure comprising both manual and fluid operated means, preferablymounted on a common shaft but otherwise independent of each other. Thefluid-operated means may, if desired, beflexibly connected to aconventional applying structure for the retarding structure such las,the common type of multiple shoe brake, shown with friction meansincluding rigid shoes 252, permitting the applying structure such as theconventional cam to center itself with respect to the shoes. y

By my device the well-knownhydraulic or other fluid power system may bedirectly coupled with the conventional multiple shoe brake or otherretarding structure without either extensive or expensive changes ineither the brake or the system and my invention has the furtheradvantage of coupling a substantially independent manually controlledemergency device with the system whereby efficient braking is guaranteedat all times. l

While one illustrative embodiment of my invention has been described indetail, it is not my ,intention to limit its scope to that particularembodiment or otherwise than 4by the terms of the appended claims. Mostof the subjectmatter herein claimed is to be regarded as dilvided frommy prior application No. 145,109, filed October 30, 1926.

I claim:

1. A brake-operating mechanism comprising,

in combination, a brake drum and retarding means therefor, operatingmeans for said retarding means located within said drum, a hydraulicsystem, hydraulic .control means coupling with said hydraulic systemwith said operating means and having a stub shaft protruding therefromand a separate manually acmeans, a fluid-operated actuating meansflxedly attached to said packing plate outside of said;l drum, and asubstantially universal connection between said fluid-actuating meansand said brake-applying means.

3. A brake assembly comprising, in combination, a drum, friction meanswithin the drum and floating applying means therefor, a closure platefor said drum, a fluid-operated actuating means attached to said closureplate outside of said drum, and 4 means having a substantially universalmovement connecting said fluid-actuating means with saidfriction-applying means.

4. A fluid-operatedY cylinder comprising, in combination, a flangedbushing mounted in one end of the cylinder, a piston provided with apolygonal-shaped axially extending opening and 1 a connecting rodmounted therein, said rod provided, intermediate its ends, with a flangeabutting said flange on said bushing.

5. vIn a duid-operated actuating structure, a cylinder, a cylindricalboss on said cydinder, and` guide means attached to said cylindercomprising a sleeve within said boss portion, a headed shaftnon-rotatably attached to said sleeve, a tapered roller rotatablymounted on said shaft abutting the head thereof, and caph means,attached to said boss, to cover said sleeve and shaft.

8. In a braking system having a rotating part, braking membersassociated with said part, operating means for said braking members, arotatable shaft connected to said operating means, separate uid andmanually controlled control means connected to said shaft, said fluidcontrol means comprising a cylinder having its longi-.j tudinal axisaligned with the axis of said shaft.

7". A brakeassembly comprising, in combination, a drum, friction meanswithin the drum, a closure plate for said friction means, an operatingdevice associated with said friction means within said drum, a shaftconnected to said operating device, and a plurality of control devicesfor actuating said shaft Vlocated without said plate, one of said'control devices comprising a cylinder through which said shaft extends.

8. A brake assembly comprising, in combination, a drum, friction meanswithin the drum. a closure plate for said friction means, an operatingdevice associated with said friction means within said drunk, a shaftconnected to said operating device, and a plurality of control devices'structurally different, for actuating said shaft and located withoutsaid plate, one of said control devices comprising a cylinder and apiston positioned within said cylinder and having an opening throughwhich said shaft extends and rotatable with said shaft.

9. A brake assembly comprising, in combination, a drum, friction meanswithin the drum. a closure plate for said friction means, an operatingdevice associated with said friction means within said drum, a rotatableshaft connected to said operating device, fluid and mechanical controldevices for actuating said shaft, said fluid control device comprising acylinder, va piston mounted in said cylinder and keyed to 11. Ahydraulic braking system comprising ,a drum, friction means associatedwith said drum, an operating device for said friction means, a shaftconnected to said operating device, and a plurality of control devicesfor actuating said shaft including a uid pressure cylinder provided withbearings for supporting said shaft.

12. In a brake operating assembly, a uid power cylinder, and a manuallyoperated brake applying actuatoriincluding a rotatable shaft, bearingsfor said shaft a portionof one of which forms a closure for one end ofthe cylinder.

EUGENE W TAYLOR.

las

